Today is the subject: the osteochondrosis of the symptoms and the treatment of the lumbar column, which we will analyze in more detail in our article.Most people had back pain at least once in their lives.It applies especially to the population after 30 years, the very reason of the appearance of unpleasant sensations in the lower back.
The causes of the lumbar column osteochondrosis
There are only 5 lumbar vertebrae in the human body, they are wide and thick, since they carry the main load.It is its physiological characteristic and its greatest mobility that increases the risk of degenerative changes: osteochondrosis.
The most important factor in the formation of discs's wear is the constant overload of the department, which is aggravated by a sedentary, hard work, an inappropriate position and many other long -term factors.All these causes cause muscle survival, deteriorated the tissue blood supply and cause additional load in the ligaments and joints.
The processes of destruction of the hyalino intervertebral cartilage are based on the loss of moisture.A healthy column can support a load of more than 500 kg.In case of loss of hydrophilic properties, elasticity is lost, the disc becomes more flat, the distance between vertebral bodies decreases.
Several factors are distinguished in the development of lumbar osteochondrosis:
- Greater physical activity and weightlifting.
- Injuries
- Violations of metabolic processes.
- Hormonal changes
- Bad habits: irrational nutrition, smoking, alcohol abuse.
- Posture violation (scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis, outbreak).
- Flat feet.
An important role in the formation of degeneration obesity is played.Not only causes an increase in pressure in the spinal column, but also leads to metabolic disorders, hormonal changes.
Symptoms and diagnosis
In medicine, the basis of the symptoms of osteochondrosis is pain.It has many variations: acute and sharp pain, or, on the contrary, pulling and pressing.Due to the unpleasant sensations, a sick person often is barely given simple things of a chair, from a bed, walking.
Often, pain appears in the form of a "change" to an awkward movement, raising gravity.With the aggravation of the processes of destruction of pain exacerbation, it can occur with cough and sneezing.
From a forced restriction of activity, the flexibility of the column is reduced, it becomes more difficult to bend, shoe.
In addition to the vertebral symptoms (which are only on the back), there is a series of extravertibral (which extend beyond the lower back).
Could be:
- Lyubmoichachei-Pain along the sciatic nerve (lumbosacra osteochondrosis is more susceptible to this symptom).
- Neurological disorders in the lower extremities: altered sensitivity, pain when walking, paresis is possible.
More and more doctors conclude that osteochondrosis does not hurt, all tangible symptoms are a complication of osteochondrosis.Then they write in the diagnosis: "In the context of osteochondrosis ..." almost 80 percent of pain occurs due to muscle inflammation and the formation of activation points due to which myofascial syndrome occurs.
Diagnosis
Intensive back pain can be caused for many reasons.Therefore, it is important to establish a precise diagnosis, and the osteochondrosis of the lumbar column with different symptoms and treatment is a common concept.To start, it is necessary to take a series of general tests: biochemistry, blood, urine.They will help identify inflammatory processes, determine the condition of the body and the level of damage.
As a specialized study, it is recommended to carry out the radiography of the column in two projections: lateral and straight.Often a clarification of complications is required, a magnetic resonance is used for this.
When there is no way to carry out tomographic studies, myelography will be prescribed, an X -ray exam with a contrast matter, which is introduced into the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord.
Treatment and prevention
The symptoms of the lumbar column osteochondrosis require urgent measures in the selection of therapy.During periods of acute pain, full bed rest is recommended.To maximize the musculoskeletal system.
Important:During the exacerbation period, only pharmacological treatment, massage, physiotherapy and exercise therapy are indicated for the period of pain relief.
What drugs will help with osteochondrosis:
- Analgesics
- Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).They must be introduced in courses.
- Ointments with local and anti -inflammatory deviations.
- Musorelaxantes - To relieve tension in the muscles.
- Support therapy: vitamin C such as antioxidant, group B, PP to improve microcirculation, accelerate tissue regeneration.
Carefully:NSAIDs are prescribed together with gastro -arter to reduce the negative effect of medications on the gastrointestinal tract.
If complications arise in the form of sensitivity violation, then the treatment in the hospital is prescribed.It is possible to use the local administration of steroid drugs to relieve inflammation.
After the main treatment, they offer to submit to a condoprotective course that restores the cartilage of the disc.
Manual therapy
The manual therapist acts in the spine with the hands and puts the vertebrae in its place: the patient immediately feels relief.
During the 3-5 sessions of the manual therapist, the distance between the vertebrae increases, the load in them is distributed uniformly, the blood circulation and the nutrition of the damaged area improvement.The patient quickly restores and can return to the usual life.
After the course of the procedures, the manual therapist will recommend a set of exercises to consolidate the result.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapeutic treatment relieves spasm and improves blood flow.There are many physiotherapy procedures: electrophoresis, darsonval, laser therapy, phonoforesis, diadnamic currents, magnetic resonance therapy, amplipulse, ultrasonic therapy, vibration massage.It is wonderful to continue physiography at home due to budgetary applications.
- Kuznetsov applicator.
- Pepper patch.
- Banks for osteochondrosis.
Massage
The massage is prescribed during the recovery period only after eliminating acute pain.Relieves the voltage, increases blood flow, significantly improves the patient's condition.The use of ointments for heating increases massage efficiency.Its action intensifies when visiting the bathroom, if there are no contraindications.
Tourist treatment
Spa Treaters, Resort show excellent results in the rehabilitation period.Bathrooms with hydrogen sulphide, radon, bromine relax and contribute to restoration.If there is a financial opportunity, it is better to be treated in specialized resorts.
Surgical surgery
It is used only in cases of serious complications, when the rest of the methods did not help: if it is not possible to get rid of pain for more than 4 months or there are signs of severe compression of nerve roots.In general, a destroyed disc (discoctomy) is eliminated.If possible, they try to perform soft modern interventions: microsquirrutas and endoscopic;The rehabilitation period after them is 3-5 times shorter than after a traditional operation.
During periods of "decrease", special exercises for stretching and elimination of trigger points are cope with the consequences of osteochondrosis.They weaken muscle spasm and support muscle corset in the tone.It is important to perform the complex gently, avoiding sudden movements.
Therapeutic gymnastics at home
LFK can also be done at home, since it previously made several classes with an instructor (to fix the correct execution and not be damaged).
Physical education is the main method of treatment and prevention of the lumbar spine osteochondrosis.The exercises strengthen the muscles of the back, contribute to the correct location of the nerves, an increase in space between the vertebrae and the supply of full blood to the tissues.
Important.Therapeutic gymnastics cannot be done with acute pain.
The purpose of the exercises is to increase the mobility of the lumbar column.It is better to start with a small load and a small amplitude of movements.After removing the acute state, lying on the bed, you can fold your legs with a simultaneous elevation of the head.As it improves, the load increases carefully.
Simple exercises are useful:
- Standing, hands in the belt, to make inclinations;
- Standing, hands in the belt, to make the pelvis rotation;
- "Cat": in the knee pose, bend, bend the back, turn with a basin;
- "Scissors" and "bicycle" found in the back;
- "Píldate with strings": standing, turn the body, the hands hanging relaxed behind the curves of the body;
- Lie on the floor, the legs bend on the knees, make to twist to the right and left.
In addition, do not forget the regular force exercises to strengthen the muscle corset (squat, push, bar), these two areas of exercises are not divided, no matter what they say.
If the lifestyle is inactive and the profession requires sitting or standing all day, the exercises must be done 3 to 5 times a day.It is useful to develop the habit of performing exercises every time there is a suitable minute: in the elevator, while the kettle boils or works microwave.
Regular therapeutic gymnastics gives a persistent therapeutic and preventive effect;But even case -to -case classes reduce the manifestations of exacerbations.
Popular remedies provide good preventive support during the absence of exacerbation.You can drink mint and lemon balm decoctions: it has a relaxing effect and muscle relaxation, it contains a large number of vitamins and antioxidants.
Prevention
Learn to listen carefully to the signs of the body, rest over time and reduce the load.
- Follow the posture, especially when you have to sit for a long time.Select furniture in height so that the back is necessarily compatible.
- Avoid long static loads (sit, stand, pose in a folded state), take a break every hour, to perform a small physical education or simply walk.
- Participate in the load, go to the pool for the formation of a muscle corset, stretching.
- With flat feet, choose the right shoes and special supervisors.
- Correct excess weight.
- Try to lead a healthy lifestyle.
- Use an orthopedic mattress and a pillow.
- View the weather, non -hypothermia, use a wool belt or a corset if necessary.
- Walk more: for example, get out of transport to two stops before.
- Rek a bag in favor of a backpack.
- In hard work, use a corset.
- Lift gravity softly, without idiots and acute turns (you can receive an injury).
Important.Learn to raise gravity correctly: it cannot be folded so that the "lever" is formed in the lumbar region.When you raise something heavy, you must bend your legs, not your back: sit down, take the article and get up with your back.
With age, the development of the osteochondrosis of the lumbar column is inevitable, the symptoms can be prevented, treating, simplifying to a large extent, with a careful attitude towards itself so as not to reduce the quality of life.
Take care and your spine!